http://eolit.hrw.com/hlla/novelguides/ms/Mini-guides.sebestyen.pdf = study guide for the novel (some information on reconstruction and civil rights
"Reconstruction Period." Encyclopedia Britannica. Found with Sirs Discoverer, 2006. Web. 23 Nov. 2009.
Caption: Campaigns of terror were waged against black officials and voters by secret societies of whites. The efforts of these societies helped overthrow the Reconstruction governments.
Encyclopedia Article about the Ku Klux Klan: (found by way of Sirs Discoverer: http://discoverer.prod.sirs.com/discoweb/disco/do/article?urn=urn%3Asirs%3AUS%3BARTICLE%3BART%3B0000223162
About Andrew Johnson: Northerners and black people found Johnson's clemency to leading Confederates particularly alarming because he had done little to stop a campaign of terror that extralegal organizations had launched against Southern freedmen and pro-Union whites. In addition, Johnson vetoed a Civil Rights bill, as well as a bill to extend the life of the Freedmen's Bureau, which Congress established just before the end of the Civil War to aid and protect the freed slaves. He also condemned the proposed 14th Amendment. Johnson's veto of the Civil Rights bill was overridden, and the 14th Amendment-which, like the Civil Rights bill, conferred citizenship upon the freedmen-was eventually ratified. Although later efforts to remove Johnson from office proved unsuccessful, Congress was able to act over his opposition to protect the rights of the freedmen in the Southern states.
from
"Reconstruction Period." Encyclopedia Britannica. Found with Sirs Discoverer, 2006. Web. 23 Nov. 2009.
Sharecropping:
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3590
Photos of sharecroppers: http://www.english.illinois.edu/Maps/poets/a_f/brown/photos.htm
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/northamerica/after1500/economy/sharecroppers.htm
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/sharecropping.aspx (included ready-made citation)
