Adjectives! How do you know when to put a comma between them?
Cumulative Adjectives just pile up. It would sound strange to put "and" between them or to reverse them. They do not need commas between them. |
Coordinate Adjectives are Equal. You could use "and" between them. You could reverse them. Place commas between them. |
WHAT DO YOU SEE WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE IMAGE ON THE ABOVE?
A little red Italian sports car? Or a sports red Italian little car? How about a little sports Italian red car?
What is it about the first option that rings true to the ear while the others do not? It’s a rule of word order we call “The Royal Order of Adjectives.”
If they are coordinate or equal, add the comma.
Two quick tricks to check for coordinate commas are
a. replace the comma with "and," and
b. reverse the order of the adjectives.
If those work, you need a comma.
If they are in the same column in this chart, they are coordinate or equal.
Remember:
What qualifies as an observation?
Size comes before color.
Do not put a comma between the last adjective and the noun.
Do not put a comma between the noun and the verb.
Which column?
cute
soft
frisky
faded
ragged
blue
huge
rotten
happy
ancient
French
book bag, computer bag, grocery bag
What qualifies as an observation?
Size comes before color.
Do not put a comma between the last adjective and the noun.
Do not put a comma between the noun and the verb.
Which column?
cute
soft
frisky
faded
ragged
blue
huge
rotten
happy
ancient
French
book bag, computer bag, grocery bag
The sleek black seal slipped into the water.
My mother's huge white cat hates me.
This one definitely wouldn't work with the tests for coordinate adjectives!
My huge mother's white cat.
My white mother's huge cat.
My mother's and huge and white cat.
This one definitely wouldn't work with the tests for coordinate adjectives!
The boy's precious ancient red sled was stolen from the back porch.
short, fat man
small white kitten
Jack is a selfish and cruel master.
an ugly brown sweater
kindly, gentle, thoughtful
beautiful blue silk gown